Communicating with Dementia Clients: Keep It Simple
Communicating with loved ones or clients who have dementia may seem challenging, but a few simple guidelines will help caregivers make things smoother for everyone:
1. Be positive. Use your words and actions to set the tone when you communicate with your loved one or client. Keep your voice friendly and be aware of how non-verbal mannerisms such as tone of voice, facial expressions, and touch can impact the way your message is received. In fact, your words only account for 7% of communication. Body language is 55% and tone of voice is 38%; these may be an even more powerful way to reach someone with dementia.
2. Eliminate distractions. Turn off the television and move away from windows with a view. Get the person’s attention by saying his name and putting yourself at his level when speaking. Depending on his degree of dementia, provide your name and relationship to reduce confusion.
3. Be clear. Stick to simple words and short sentences. Speak slowly in an even voice and pleasant tone. Only ask one question at a time and phrase them for “yes” or “no” answers. When giving a choice, offer just two options: “Do you want eggs or cereal?” “Do you want to wear the blue shirt or the green shirt?”
4. Reassure and redirect. People with dementia can become easily confused, anxious, or agitated. They may “remember” events that never happened; never try to convince them they are wrong. Reassure them with words and soothing tone of voice. Touch, as simple as a hug or holding hands, can work wonders. It can also be helpful to redirect them: take a walk, give them a small task, or offer a snack.
5. Listen to their feelings. Words can be jumbled, sentences may become impossible. But emotions are authentic. Always pay attention to the feelings behind their speech and behavior. Acknowledge it: “You seem to be sad today. Let’s sit together for awhile.” Or “I can tell you’re upset. Come help me fold the towels.” Use appropriate words and non-verbal methods to indicate that you understand.
As a caregiver, you want nothing more than to be able to communicate as well as possible with your loved one or client. When you take time to assess his or her mood or situation, you will know how to respond. It will be satisfying for both of you.
